WEBVTT 00:00:00.000 --> 00:00:02.460 Balder 00:00:02.460 --> 00:00:07.600 A story told by the Viking people of Scandinavia 00:00:07.600 --> 00:00:09.470 Balder, they believed, 00:00:09.470 --> 00:00:13.260 was a son of Odin, the All-Father, King of the gods. 00:00:13.260 --> 00:00:16.100 His mother was a goddess called Frigg. 00:00:16.100 --> 00:00:20.010 Balder was the most beautiful of all the gods. 00:00:20.010 --> 00:00:25.210 Wherever he went he filled the space about himself with a clear golden light, 00:00:25.210 --> 00:00:30.680 like the dawn of a Spring morning but more beautiful still. 00:00:30.680 --> 00:00:34.120 And then he began to have dreams – 00:00:34.120 --> 00:00:37.710 terrible dreams, dreams that filled him with dread. 00:00:37.710 --> 00:00:42.970 He would wake in the night with a cold sweat on his forehead and a pounding in his heart. 00:00:42.970 --> 00:00:48.500 At first he took no notice but night after night the dreams returned 00:00:48.500 --> 00:00:53.980 and so he went to his father Odin and asked him if the dreams carried any meaning. 00:00:53.980 --> 00:00:55.850 ‘I don’t know, my son, 00:00:55.850 --> 00:00:58.160 but I will find out.’ 00:00:58.160 --> 00:01:05.560 Odin leapt onto the back of his great eight-legged horse Sleipnir and galloped down from Asgard, 00:01:05.560 --> 00:01:06.960 the kingdom of the gods, 00:01:06.960 --> 00:01:12.330 down through the nine worlds until he reached the land of the dead. 00:01:12.330 --> 00:01:17.130 Balder’s mother Frigg had heard the conversation between father and son. 00:01:17.130 --> 00:01:18.770 ‘Sweet Balder, 00:01:18.770 --> 00:01:22.140 I will make sure that you come to no harm.’ 00:01:22.140 --> 00:01:27.840 She summoned her servants and she told them to ride across all nine worlds. 00:01:27.840 --> 00:01:35.340 She told them to order all of creation to make a solemn promise not to harm Balder. 00:01:35.340 --> 00:01:39.660 And so the messengers rode forth and everything made the promise – 00:01:39.660 --> 00:01:49.660 men, dwarves, giants, plants, animals, fishes, birds, insects, weapons, rocks, metals, diseases, earth, water, fire. 00:01:49.660 --> 00:01:53.090 There was nothing that did not promise, 00:01:53.090 --> 00:01:55.950 except a little mistletoe plant, 00:01:55.950 --> 00:01:59.380 growing high above the branches of an apple tree. 00:01:59.380 --> 00:02:01.380 It had seemed so tiny, 00:02:01.380 --> 00:02:02.540 so weak, 00:02:02.540 --> 00:02:09.090 so close to death that the messengers had taken pity on it and left it in peace. 00:02:09.090 --> 00:02:10.970 When the servants returned, 00:02:10.970 --> 00:02:22.130 the word spread amongst the gods and the goddesses and it became a great sport for them to gather and hurl things at Balder and marvel at how he was left unscratched. 00:02:22.130 --> 00:02:29.640 Spears, arrows, stones would glance away from him without grazing his skin. 00:02:29.640 --> 00:02:31.610 It was while they were gathered, 00:02:31.610 --> 00:02:33.450 hurling and marvelling, 00:02:33.450 --> 00:02:36.570 that Odin returned from his great journey. 00:02:36.570 --> 00:02:39.730 He jumped from his horse’s back and stood before Balder: 00:02:39.730 --> 00:02:40.780 ‘Stop! 00:02:40.780 --> 00:02:45.470 In the palace of the dead a room has been prepared for Balder. 00:02:45.470 --> 00:02:51.150 At the table of the dead a place has been set for my son Balder.’ 00:02:51.150 --> 00:02:55.180 But when he heard of the solemn promises that had been made, 00:02:55.180 --> 00:02:57.420 and when he saw the sport, 00:02:57.420 --> 00:03:04.240 he too became convinced that his son was safe from all harm. 00:03:04.240 --> 00:03:09.230 But the story of Balder had reached the ears of Loki, the trickster. 00:03:09.230 --> 00:03:14.410 He disguised himself as an old woman and paid a visit to Balder’s mother. 00:03:14.410 --> 00:03:18.160 ‘Frigg, I’ve been hearing wonders about your son. 00:03:18.160 --> 00:03:22.420 Is it true that nothing in the world will harm Balder?’ 00:03:22.420 --> 00:03:23.620 ‘It is true. 00:03:23.620 --> 00:03:25.930 All creation has promised.’ 00:03:25.930 --> 00:03:27.690 ‘Nothing at all?’ 00:03:27.690 --> 00:03:31.940 ‘Well, there was a little mistletoe plant that did not make the promise. 00:03:31.940 --> 00:03:35.740 But by now it is almost certainly dead.’ 00:03:35.740 --> 00:03:37.780 The old woman hobbled away, 00:03:37.780 --> 00:03:46.420 but as soon as he was out of sight Loki flung away his disguise and he searched all nine worlds until he found the mistletoe. 00:03:46.420 --> 00:03:49.100 And there was life in it still. 00:03:49.100 --> 00:03:54.750 He nursed it and tended it and rubbed magic potions into its bark. 00:03:54.750 --> 00:03:57.880 Soon it was growing strong. 00:03:57.880 --> 00:04:02.290 He cut it with his knife and fashioned an arrow from it. 00:04:02.290 --> 00:04:04.590 Then he made his way to Asgard, 00:04:04.590 --> 00:04:07.000 the palaces of the gods. 00:04:07.000 --> 00:04:09.130 All the gods, even Odin, 00:04:09.130 --> 00:04:11.160 were joining in the sport. 00:04:11.160 --> 00:04:18.080 Balder was standing with his back to a wall and not one of the weapons they attacked him with would touch him. 00:04:18.080 --> 00:04:22.780 All the gods were joining in except for one. 00:04:22.780 --> 00:04:27.380 Balder had a twin brother called Hoder and he was blind. 00:04:27.380 --> 00:04:29.090 He stood apart, 00:04:29.090 --> 00:04:35.470 jealous of their view into a world that he could only hear and smell and touch. 00:04:35.470 --> 00:04:37.700 Loki approached Hoder. 00:04:37.700 --> 00:04:39.850 ‘Why are you not joining in?’ 00:04:39.850 --> 00:04:41.620 ‘Loki, you know why not. 00:04:41.620 --> 00:04:44.090 I cannot see Balder to throw things at him, 00:04:44.090 --> 00:04:48.660 nor watch and marvel at how stones and arrows leave him unharmed.’ 00:04:48.660 --> 00:04:50.040 ‘Hoder, listen: 00:04:50.040 --> 00:04:57.660 I’ll help you loose an arrow and I’ll tell you what happens and it’ll be as though you have two eyes in your own head.’ 00:04:57.660 --> 00:05:00.590 Hoder took the bow that Loki offered him. 00:05:00.590 --> 00:05:04.320 He took the arrow that Loki placed between his fingers. 00:05:04.320 --> 00:05:05.320 ‘Now: 00:05:05.320 --> 00:05:07.780 draw back the bowstring. 00:05:07.780 --> 00:05:10.090 Let it fly!’ 00:05:10.090 --> 00:05:16.280 The mistletoe arrow flew through the air and struck Balder in the heart. 00:05:16.280 --> 00:05:19.180 With a groan he fell to the ground. 00:05:19.180 --> 00:05:20.840 ‘Tell me what happened Loki – 00:05:20.840 --> 00:05:22.220 what did it look like?’ 00:05:22.220 --> 00:05:25.610 ‘It looks as though you’ve killed your own brother.’ 00:05:25.610 --> 00:05:30.780 Loki melted into the shadows and the gods ran forwards. 00:05:30.780 --> 00:05:34.330 There was no breath, no pulse. 00:05:34.330 --> 00:05:36.430 Balder was dead. 00:05:36.430 --> 00:05:39.230 Frigg buried her head in her hands. 00:05:39.230 --> 00:05:40.770 ‘Balder cannot be dead. 00:05:40.770 --> 00:05:43.330 What will the world be without his bright beauty? 00:05:43.330 --> 00:05:45.440 We must bring him back.’ 00:05:45.440 --> 00:05:51.420 Once again Odin leapt onto his horse’s back and rode through the nine worlds to the land of the dead. 00:05:51.420 --> 00:05:53.010 He crossed a river of blood, 00:05:53.010 --> 00:05:54.290 a river of tears, 00:05:54.290 --> 00:05:57.880 an orchard sweet with the sickly stench of decay. 00:05:57.880 --> 00:06:01.090 At last he came to the high hall of Hell, 00:06:01.090 --> 00:06:02.840 the queen of the dead. 00:06:02.840 --> 00:06:06.090 Behind her throne he could see the pale face of Balder, 00:06:06.090 --> 00:06:08.220 staring from the shadows. 00:06:08.220 --> 00:06:10.530 He dismounted and bowed. 00:06:10.530 --> 00:06:14.030 ‘Balder must be returned to the land of the living.’ 00:06:14.030 --> 00:06:16.090 Hell shook her head. 00:06:16.090 --> 00:06:17.800 ‘Balder is dead. 00:06:17.800 --> 00:06:20.590 The dead stay here with me.’ 00:06:20.590 --> 00:06:22.830 ‘The whole world weeps for Balder. 00:06:22.830 --> 00:06:24.270 Give him back.’ 00:06:24.270 --> 00:06:26.480 The Queen of the dead smiled. 00:06:26.480 --> 00:06:28.210 ‘Balder is dead. 00:06:28.210 --> 00:06:31.310 But if what you said was the truth, 00:06:31.310 --> 00:06:33.010 if the whole world, 00:06:33.010 --> 00:06:39.240 if all of creation were truly to weep for Balder then I would return him, 00:06:39.240 --> 00:06:42.840 for that would be music to my ears.’ 00:06:42.840 --> 00:06:47.860 Odin galloped back to Asgard and told all what he had seen and heard 00:06:47.860 --> 00:06:58.380 and once again Frigg summoned her servants and ordered them to ride across all of the worlds and this time to tell the whole of creation to weep for Balder. 00:06:58.380 --> 00:07:02.170 And so it was that all nine worlds wept; 00:07:02.170 --> 00:07:09.480 all men, dwarves, giants, plants, animals, fishes, birds, insects, weapons, rocks, metals. 00:07:09.480 --> 00:07:13.380 You’ve seen how metals weep when they’re brought from the cold into the warmth? 00:07:13.380 --> 00:07:15.520 So it was they wept for Balder. 00:07:15.520 --> 00:07:20.080 All diseases, earth, water, fire, everything wept. 00:07:20.080 --> 00:07:22.990 But when the servants were returning to Asgard, 00:07:22.990 --> 00:07:27.440 weeping themselves and with all creation weeping around them, 00:07:27.440 --> 00:07:33.630 they encountered an old woman and her eyes were dry as bones. 00:07:33.630 --> 00:07:34.690 ‘Old woman, 00:07:34.690 --> 00:07:37.090 you too must weep for Balder.’ 00:07:37.090 --> 00:07:38.890 ‘Balder is dead. 00:07:38.890 --> 00:07:41.570 The Queen of the shadows can keep her prey. 00:07:41.570 --> 00:07:44.750 For Balder I weep dry tears.’ 00:07:44.750 --> 00:07:48.670 From the old woman’s mouth came the voice of Loki. 00:07:48.670 --> 00:07:52.690 ‘Loki, you can undo your evil deed with your tears.’ 00:07:52.690 --> 00:07:56.350 ‘For Balder I weep dry tears.’ 00:07:56.350 --> 00:08:02.820 And no word would persuade Loki to shed one single tear for Balder. 00:08:02.820 --> 00:08:05.980 And so Balder stayed in the shadow land, 00:08:05.980 --> 00:08:08.140 the land of the dead, 00:08:08.140 --> 00:08:15.960 and with the death of Balder a beautiful golden light was extinguished from the world, 00:08:15.960 --> 00:08:23.770 a light that would never be seen again.