WEBVTT 00:00:04.160 --> 00:00:09.420 Return from Troy: The Story of Odysseus 00:00:09.420 --> 00:00:16.860 Told by Daniel Morden and Hugh Lupton. 00:00:16.860 --> 00:00:22.040 Episode 1: A Stranger from Troy 00:00:22.040 --> 00:00:33.500 [Sounds of the sea] 00:00:33.500 --> 00:00:39.280 Prince Paris, the youngest son of the king of Troy, 00:00:39.280 --> 00:00:46.730 was out hunting on the foothills of the great mountain that stretches up behind the city walls. 00:00:46.730 --> 00:00:51.420 And as he was hunting with his bow and his quiver full of arrows, 00:00:51.420 --> 00:00:54.960 suddenly Hermes, the messenger of the gods, 00:00:54.960 --> 00:00:56.510 appeared in front of him. 00:00:56.510 --> 00:00:57.470 And Hermes said 00:00:57.470 --> 00:01:00.090 “Paris, I’ve been sent by great father Zeus, 00:01:00.090 --> 00:01:09.400 and he has told me to tell you that you must decide which of these three goddesses is the most beautiful.” 00:01:09.400 --> 00:01:12.140 And Hermes clicked his fingers, 00:01:12.140 --> 00:01:17.850 and out of the light three goddesses appeared in front of Paris. 00:01:17.850 --> 00:01:24.170 There was Hera, the wife of Zeus, the queen of heaven, magnificent. 00:01:24.170 --> 00:01:29.880 There was owleyed Athene, the goddess of war and wisdom. 00:01:29.880 --> 00:01:35.240 And there was beautiful, beautiful Aphrodite, the goddess of love. 00:01:35.240 --> 00:01:36.060 And Hermes said, 00:01:36.060 --> 00:01:43.050 “Paris you must decide which of these three is the most beautiful and you must give her this golden apple”. 00:01:43.050 --> 00:01:49.290 And Hermes dropped into the palm of Paris’ hand a golden apple and he vanished. 00:01:49.290 --> 00:01:56.060 And Paris was left standing with the golden apple cold against the palm of his hand. 00:01:56.060 --> 00:01:59.890 And he looked from one goddess to the other to the next, 00:01:59.890 --> 00:02:05.060 but his eyes kept wandering towards Aphrodite, the goddess of love. 00:02:05.060 --> 00:02:06.740 And so Hera stamped her foot. 00:02:06.740 --> 00:02:07.890 She said, “It’s not fair. 00:02:07.890 --> 00:02:11.470 Aphrodite is wearing her belt of love and desire. 00:02:11.470 --> 00:02:15.120 Paris must decide when he has seen us naked”. 00:02:15.120 --> 00:02:17.020 And Athene agreed. 00:02:17.020 --> 00:02:21.810 And so it was the three goddesses took off their clothes, 00:02:21.810 --> 00:02:25.950 until they were standing stark naked in front of Paris. 00:02:25.950 --> 00:02:34.030 And Paris was looking from one to the other and now he could not decide who was the most beautiful. 00:02:34.030 --> 00:02:35.670 And so Hera, 00:02:35.670 --> 00:02:38.650 the queen of heaven, the wife of Zeus, 00:02:38.650 --> 00:02:40.890 came forwards and she said, “Paris, 00:02:40.890 --> 00:02:45.000 choose me and I will give you power. 00:02:45.000 --> 00:02:51.390 Choose me and I will make you a great king over the whole of Europe and the whole of Asia – 00:02:51.390 --> 00:02:54.300 half the world will be yours.” 00:02:54.300 --> 00:02:56.190 And she stepped back. 00:02:56.190 --> 00:02:58.440 And then Athene came forwards, 00:02:58.440 --> 00:03:00.220 the goddess of war and wisdom. 00:03:00.220 --> 00:03:01.210 And she said, “Paris, 00:03:01.210 --> 00:03:03.770 choose me and you’ll never lose a battle. 00:03:03.770 --> 00:03:09.930 Choose me and you’ll be famous the length and breadth of the world for your cleverness, for your wisdom.” 00:03:09.930 --> 00:03:11.930 And she stepped back. 00:03:11.930 --> 00:03:16.550 And then Aphrodite the goddess of love came forwards. 00:03:16.550 --> 00:03:17.940 And she said, “Paris, 00:03:17.940 --> 00:03:25.100 choose me and I will give you the most beautiful woman in the world.” 00:03:25.100 --> 00:03:25.900 And Paris said, 00:03:25.900 --> 00:03:26.910 “Who is she?” 00:03:26.910 --> 00:03:29.430 “Her name is Helen. 00:03:29.430 --> 00:03:32.220 She’s the wife of Menelaus, the king of Sparta. 00:03:32.220 --> 00:03:34.580 I will blind her with love for you. 00:03:34.580 --> 00:03:37.570 She will give you everything!” 00:03:37.570 --> 00:03:38.460 And Paris said, 00:03:38.460 --> 00:03:40.000 “What does she look like?” 00:03:40.000 --> 00:03:43.380 “She’s as beautiful as I am.” 00:03:43.380 --> 00:03:46.090 And Aphrodite stepped back. 00:03:46.090 --> 00:03:54.030 And Paris lifted the golden apple above his shoulder and without a moment’s hesitation he gave it to Aphrodite, 00:03:54.030 --> 00:03:55.840 the goddess of love. 00:03:55.840 --> 00:03:59.000 And Hera and Athene were furious. 00:03:59.000 --> 00:04:01.950 They flashed into the sky and they were gone. 00:04:01.950 --> 00:04:03.850 And as for Aphrodite, 00:04:03.850 --> 00:04:07.840 she loosed an invisible arrow which struck Paris in the heart, 00:04:07.840 --> 00:04:09.330 and from that moment, 00:04:09.330 --> 00:04:10.990 even though he had never seen her, 00:04:10.990 --> 00:04:14.620 even though she was nothing more than a name, an idea, 00:04:14.620 --> 00:04:16.730 he was in love with Helen, 00:04:16.730 --> 00:04:20.660 the wife of Menelaus, the king of Sparta. 00:04:20.660 --> 00:04:26.830 And up in the heavens Hera and Athene were already pondering and planning in their hearts, 00:04:26.830 --> 00:04:29.580 how they could bring about the death of Paris, 00:04:29.580 --> 00:04:34.430 and the destruction of the whole city of Troy. 00:04:34.430 --> 00:04:41.020 And so it was only a matter of time then before Aphrodite, the goddess of love, 00:04:41.020 --> 00:04:44.600 caused Helen to fall in love with Paris. 00:04:44.600 --> 00:04:47.450 And Paris stole her from her husband. 00:04:47.450 --> 00:04:52.440 He took her across the blue Aegean Sea to the great city of Troy. 00:04:52.440 --> 00:04:54.970 And Helen’s husband Menelaus, 00:04:54.970 --> 00:04:59.080 when he discovered that his wife had been stolen, was furious. 00:04:59.080 --> 00:05:02.300 He sent messengers to all the other Greek kings. 00:05:02.300 --> 00:05:04.170 And an army was mustered – 00:05:04.170 --> 00:05:08.640 a huge army the like of which the world has never seen before. 00:05:08.640 --> 00:05:17.410 And the army set sail across the blue sea in a thousand ships and laid siege to the city of Troy. 00:05:17.410 --> 00:05:20.100 And Hera and Athene, 00:05:20.100 --> 00:05:23.670 furious that they hadn’t been given the golden apple, 00:05:23.670 --> 00:05:27.040 threw in their lot with the Greek army. 00:05:27.040 --> 00:05:34.760 And they didn’t rest until Troy’s walls were crumbling blood-soaked rubble, 00:05:34.760 --> 00:05:39.830 and Prince Paris was dead. 00:05:39.830 --> 00:05:42.210 The Trojan War. 00:05:42.210 --> 00:05:49.770 Ten years of the ebb and flow of defeat and victory with its flotsam of corpses. 00:05:49.770 --> 00:05:55.050 Ten years of the weeping of women over the bodies of their husbands, 00:05:55.050 --> 00:05:59.190 their fathers, their brothers, their sons. 00:05:59.190 --> 00:06:06.380 Ten years of the sweet stench of rotting flesh and great black clouds of flies. 00:06:06.380 --> 00:06:12.820 Ten years of blood-crazed warriors cutting the armour from the backs of the dying. 00:06:12.820 --> 00:06:16.470 And when at last that awful war was over, 00:06:16.470 --> 00:06:18.760 the victorious Greek kings, 00:06:18.760 --> 00:06:23.020 Agamemnon, Menelaus, Odysseus, 00:06:23.020 --> 00:06:26.160 their hearts swollen with pride, 00:06:26.160 --> 00:06:29.260 their ships crammed with treasure, 00:06:29.260 --> 00:06:34.430 set sail for home. 00:06:34.430 --> 00:06:48.590 [Sounds of the sea] 00:06:48.590 --> 00:06:55.990 Our story begins nine years after that great and bloody victory. 00:06:55.990 --> 00:07:04.840 There was an island and staggering up the slope from the sea onto the sand there was a man, 00:07:04.840 --> 00:07:07.570 half-dead with exhaustion, 00:07:07.570 --> 00:07:11.910 his hair and beard tangled and matted with salt, 00:07:11.910 --> 00:07:15.090 his body caked in brine. 00:07:15.090 --> 00:07:20.800 He staggered across the sand and threw himself down onto a pile of dead leaves, 00:07:20.800 --> 00:07:26.280 and he fell instantly fast asleep. 00:07:26.280 --> 00:07:29.120 And he was found there, sleeping, 00:07:29.120 --> 00:07:33.820 by the daughter of the king of that island, King Alcinous. 00:07:33.820 --> 00:07:36.890 She saw the stranger and she shook his shoulder. 00:07:36.890 --> 00:07:38.280 She woke him up. 00:07:38.280 --> 00:07:42.060 She gave him a piece of cloth to wrap around his waist. 00:07:42.060 --> 00:07:47.690 She gave him a cup of water and then she led him to her father’s palace. 00:07:47.690 --> 00:07:52.480 She showed him to a room where there were bowls of water and jugs of oil, 00:07:52.480 --> 00:07:55.000 and fresh clothes to wear. 00:07:55.000 --> 00:07:57.250 And the stranger washed himself. 00:07:57.250 --> 00:08:00.060 He rubbed the oil into his skin. 00:08:00.060 --> 00:08:02.240 He put on the clothes. 00:08:02.240 --> 00:08:09.840 And then the princess led the stranger to her father’s bronze-floored feasting hall. 00:08:09.840 --> 00:08:12.000 And King Alcinous said, 00:08:12.000 --> 00:08:15.310 “Sit down, eat, drink.” 00:08:15.310 --> 00:08:19.910 And meat and bread and wine and honey cakes and water were served. 00:08:19.910 --> 00:08:25.420 And the stranger ate and drank and drank and ate and ate and drank. 00:08:25.420 --> 00:08:29.930 And when at last his raging appetite had been satisfied, 00:08:29.930 --> 00:08:32.010 King Alcinous said, 00:08:32.010 --> 00:08:33.950 “There is food for the body, 00:08:33.950 --> 00:08:36.470 and there is food for the soul. 00:08:36.470 --> 00:08:40.480 Stranger, now that you have eaten, listen. 00:08:40.480 --> 00:08:44.380 And my storyteller will tell you a story.” 00:08:44.380 --> 00:08:53.030 And the doors of the hall opened and an old, blind storyteller called Demodocus was led into the hall. 00:08:53.030 --> 00:09:01.160 And Demodocus lifted his lyre to his shoulder and he began to tell the story of the siege of Troy. 00:09:01.160 --> 00:09:05.690 “The great bronze gates were thrown open,” he said. 00:09:05.690 --> 00:09:15.140 “And with a whirring of wheels and a creaking of chariots and a neighing of horses and a shouting of men and a thundering of hooves and feet, 00:09:15.140 --> 00:09:18.530 the Trojan army poured across the plain. 00:09:18.530 --> 00:09:24.480 And with a clash of bronze against bronze the Trojan army met the Greek army, 00:09:24.480 --> 00:09:27.220 wading ashore from their ships. 00:09:27.220 --> 00:09:31.390 And among the Greeks, mighty Achilles, 00:09:31.390 --> 00:09:34.820 severing heads with every stroke of his sword, 00:09:34.820 --> 00:09:37.990 thrusting his spear to the left and the right, 00:09:37.990 --> 00:09:42.140 leaving a wake of dead behind himself.” 00:09:42.140 --> 00:09:43.730 And King Alcinous said, 00:09:43.730 --> 00:09:46.940 “Stop! Stop! 00:09:46.940 --> 00:09:49.400 Our guest – 00:09:49.400 --> 00:09:51.430 he is weeping. 00:09:51.430 --> 00:09:53.370 His face is buried in his hands. 00:09:53.370 --> 00:09:54.960 His shoulders are shaking. 00:09:54.960 --> 00:09:57.080 Stranger, what is it? 00:09:57.080 --> 00:09:57.780 Who are you? 00:09:57.780 --> 00:09:59.230 Why are you crying? 00:09:59.230 --> 00:10:03.040 Nobody, whether of high or low degree goes nameless in this world. 00:10:03.040 --> 00:10:04.520 Tell us who you are, 00:10:04.520 --> 00:10:08.370 that we may listen to your story and learn, 00:10:08.370 --> 00:10:14.790 and that I may send one of my high-prowed ships to carry you to that place you are seeking.” 00:10:14.790 --> 00:10:17.240 And the stranger lifted his head, 00:10:17.240 --> 00:10:19.740 his cheeks wet with tears. 00:10:19.740 --> 00:10:21.390 And he looked at the king, 00:10:21.390 --> 00:10:23.920 and he looked at the old storyteller. 00:10:23.920 --> 00:10:29.450 And he drew breath and he began to speak. 00:10:29.450 --> 00:10:32.030 “I have used several names, 00:10:32.030 --> 00:10:37.410 but the name by which you would know me is Odysseus.” 00:10:37.410 --> 00:11:21.260 [Closing music]